» 转自龙腾，原帖地址每日邮报新闻标题：龙腾网版权所有 Doorway to despair: Glimpse inside Spanishindustrial ghost town that produced seven million doors a year which has been decimated by housing crash绝望之门：西班牙工业鬼镇掠影，房市崩盘导致年产木门七百万套的工业小镇濒临衰亡译者：珈蓝一若叶国家：西班牙原文链接：新闻翻译：·Duringthe construction boom, most of the doors for the 800,000 new houses a year werebuilt in Villacanas·Sincethe housing bubble burst, the town has been left desolate and is strugglingwith unemployment problems·房地产开发热潮期间，西班牙每年新建的80套住房中绝大多数的门都在维拉肯纳斯镇生产。·自房地产泡沫破裂以来，该镇已陷入荒芜，为失业问题所困扰。Atits peak, it was a bustling town manufacturing millions of wooden doors tocater for the housing boom in Spain.Butall that’s left now is a ghost town with an abandoned factory that is a starkreminder of more prosperous times.Villacanasis one of the many former buoyant industrial Spanish towns that is nowstruggling with huge unemployment problems.这里曾是一个喧闹繁荣的小镇，在它的鼎盛期，每年有数以百万计的木门在这里制造，以应付西班牙房地产市场的旺盛需求但现在，这里只剩下一间废厂，一座鬼镇，提醒着人们那段辉煌岁月已成为泡影。作为西班牙众多曾经蓬勃发展的工业城镇之一，维拉肯纳斯镇现在正被庞大的失业问题所困扰。Stark: The sun rises over Villacanas,55 miles from Madrid. At its peak, it was a buoyant manufacturing town makingmillions of wooden doors荒凉：在距离马德里55英里外的维拉肯纳斯镇上，太阳照样升起。在它的鼎盛期，每年有数以百万计的木门在这座生机勃勃的工业重镇上生产。Abandoned: The terrain of the Mavisadoor factory is strewn with rubbish. During the boom years, the factoryemployed 5,700 people and produced seven million wooden doors a year废弃：玛维莎制门厂的场地上散落着垃圾。在经济繁荣期，这座工厂雇佣了5700名员工，每年可以生产700万套木门。Destroyed: Material is scatteredaround an old working bench inside the abandoned Mavisa door factory. Since itsclosure, the town of Villacanas has been struggling with huge unemploymentproblems破坏：废弃的玛维莎制门厂里，木材在老式工作台周围散落一地。自该厂倒闭以来，维拉肯纳斯镇始终被庞大的失业问题所困扰着。Between2001 and 2007, Spain was leading the property boom in Europe with pricesincreasing annually at an average of around 13 per cent.Around800,000 houses were being built a year and the people of Villacas were part ofSpain’s middle class enjoying high wages and permanent jobs.从2001年到2007年，西班牙始终走在欧洲楼市热潮的前列，年平均增长率为13%，每年的新建住房在80万套左右。维拉肯纳斯镇的居民和其他西班牙中产阶级一样享受着高薪酬和长期性工作岗位。Duringthe construction boom, the majority of doors used with the new developmentswere made in this small industrial town.Approximatelyseven million doors a year were once assembled at the Mavisa factory whichemployed a workforce of almost 5,700 people.在房地产建设热潮中，绝大部分新建住房里的门都由这座工业小镇生产。玛维莎制门厂的年产量一度达到了700万套，员工总数接近5700人。Desolate: The state of the Mavisa doorfactory is a stark reminder of more prosperous times when the population ofVillacanas was part of Spain's middle class enjoying high wages and permanentjobs荒芜：玛维莎制门厂的现状提醒着人们，那个繁荣的时代已经过去，那时候，维拉肯纳斯镇的人们还和其他西班牙中产阶级一样享受着高薪酬和长期性工作岗位。Bleak outlook: A man crosses an oldbridge leading to the other side of the railroad track in Villacanas. Times noware different from the boom years when Spain was building some 800,000 houses ayear前景黯淡：维拉肯纳斯镇上，一名男子独自穿过老旧的天桥，到铁轨的另一侧去。那段西班牙每年新建住房80万套的繁荣时期早已成为过去。Shutting up shop: A market salesmanpacks up his unsold vegetables after a day on the local market打烊：一天结束的时候，当地市场里的一名销售人员在整理没卖出去的蔬菜。Empty: A neon sign illuminates on abar in Calle Mayor. The town has been left desolate with the Villacanasindustrial park now empty and redundant空置：霓虹灯照亮了卡勒大街上的一家酒吧。维拉肯纳斯的工业园区已是人去楼空，整座小镇陷入了荒芜。Quiet: A pedestrian crosses the streetdevoid of traffic. With Spain in the grip of recession and the housing bubbleburst, Villacanas is typical of many former buoyant industrial Spanish townsnow struggling with huge problems沉寂：一名行人穿过没有车流的马路。随着西班牙经济衰退和房地产泡沫破灭的推进，作为典型的曾经蓬勃发展的西班牙工业城镇之一，维拉肯纳斯镇正被庞大的失业问题所困扰。Thenthe economic downturn hit in 2008.TheSpanish government estimates that over 780,000 houses built since 2005 have notbeen sold.Thehousing bubble has burst and the country is in the grip of recession.然后，2008年的经济衰退重创了这个国家。据西班牙政府估计，2005年以后新建的住房有超过78万套至今仍在待售。房地产泡沫的破灭使得整个国家陷入了经济衰退。Meanwhile,the town has been left almost desolate with the Villacanas industrial park nowempty and redundant.Thetown is reminiscent of the country’s situation as a whole.Theunemployment rate in Spain stands at 25 per cent with more than half of youngpeople out of workBetweenJuly and September 2012, 85,000 more people joined the ranks of the unemployedraising the total to 5.78 million, according to the National StatisticsInstitute.与此同时，维拉肯纳斯镇几近荒废，工业园区已是人去楼空。可以想见，这座城镇已成为整个西班牙现状的缩影。西班牙失业率为25%，一半以上的年轻人没有工作。根据西班牙国家统计局报告，2012年7月至9月间，有超过8.5万的西班牙人加入到失业大军中，总人数已达到578万人。Scraps: Two men drag unfinished doorsbehind them, to be used as burning wood for their stoves at home, on theterrain of the abandoned Mavisa door factory废品：被遗弃的玛维莎制门厂场地上，两名男子拖着未完工的木门走过，带回家做炉子的燃料。A helping hand: A Red Cross worker arrangesboxes with biscuits while unemployed Spaniards (right) wait in line for a foodhand out inside a Red Cross post伸出援手：一名红十字会的工作人员在整理装满饼干的纸箱，而西班牙失业者们(右)正排着队等候领取红十字会发放的食物。Deserted: The Mavisa door factory ispictured it its derelict state with materials scattered everywhere. Since theeconomic downturn hit in 2008, the housing bubble has burst and the governmentestimates that over 780,000 houses built since 2005 have not been sold废弃：玛维莎制门厂呈现出一派荒废的景象，材料散落满地。2008年遭受经济衰退重创以来，楼市泡沫彻底破灭，据政府部门估计，2005年以后新建的住房有超过78万套仍未售出。Forlorn: A couple strolls along CalleMayor in Villacanas. Across Spain, some 800,000 people have lost their jobsover the past year凄凉：一对行人走在维拉肯纳斯镇的卡勒大街上。在过去的一年里，超过80万的西班牙人成为失业者。Forthose under 25, the unemployment rate is at 52 per cent.Overthe past 12 months some 800,000 people have lost their jobs, proving that theeconomic crisis is tightening its grip on the country.25岁以下青年人失业率已达52%。在过去的12个月里，超过80万人失去了他们的工作，这个事实表明，经济危机正在进一步吞噬这个国家。Spainis under pressure to ask for outside aid to help deal with its debts. Thecountry is in its second recession in three years.Ithas already been granted a 100 billion Euro bailout for its troubled bankswhile many of its regional governments are also in bad financial shape.迫于压力，西班牙正在请求外部援助，以解决其债务问题。这个国家正经历着三年来的第二次衰退。该国政府已批准了1000亿欧元的紧急融资，救助那些陷入困境的本国银行。而许多地方政府也同样面临着糟糕的财务状况。SpanishPrime Minister Mariano Rajoy's government, which pledged to reduce unemploymentin its electoral campaign last year, has introduced austerity measures andfinancial and labour reforms to convince investors it has a grip on itsaccounts but they have yet to show any positive effect on the economy.西班牙首相马里亚诺·拉霍伊领导的政府在去年的选举活动中承诺，将竭力减少失业率。他们出台了一系列的紧缩措施以及金融市场和劳动力市场改革，试图说服投资者，他们对财政问题已胸有成竹，却没能对经济产生任何积极性的影响。Distraught: Laid off workers who usedto work at the Artevi door factory stand around a fire to stay warm during apicket to prevent machinery leaving the factory烦躁：原奥特维制门厂的下岗工人们围在火堆旁取暖，他们自发组成了一个工人纠察队，防止有人将机器运离工厂。Forty-eight year old former doorfactory worker Angel Perez Fernandez (centre) eats paella together with hisfamily. His 40-year-old wife, Maria Regine Bueno Villar (right) used to work asa cleaning lady at door factories, and his 20-year-old daughter is unemployed48岁的前制门厂工人安格·佩雷斯·费尔南德斯(中)和他的家人们一起吃西班牙烩饭。他的妻子，40岁的玛利亚·雷吉娜·布埃诺·比利亚尔(右)原本是制门厂的一名清洁女工。而他20岁的女儿至今没有找到工作。Cutting a lonely figure: A man playshis guitar trying to make money on an empty Plaza Mayor孤独剪影：一名男子在空荡荡的市政广场上演奏吉他，好挣点小钱。Eerie: Villacanas is reminiscent ofSpain's current situation. The unemployment rate stands at 25 per cent and morethan half of young people are out of work荒诞：维拉肯纳斯镇很容易让人联想到整个西班牙的现状，失业率高达25%，一半以上的年轻人没有工作。Organisationssuch as the Spanish Red Cross and the Catholic Church charity organisationCaritas say unemployment and the austerity measures are leaving tens ofthousands of people in need of food and financial help.Thereare now 1.8million households in Spain in which no one has work.And,it is the once-booming construction sector that has been the worst hit, with56,100 fewer jobs.像西班牙红十字会和天主教慈善机构博爱会这样的民间组织表示，失业问题和财政紧缩政策使得成千上万的西班牙人陷入饥饿，亟需援助。在西班牙，失业者人数已高达180万人。曾经繁荣的建筑业如今已成为受创最深的行业，有5.61万个工作岗位从此消失。[共有46条评论，按受欢迎程度排序]Noneed to go to Spain DM,have a look around the UK-Robbo, Leicestershire, 27/11/2012 6:35没必要去西班牙取景，在英国四处看看就知道了。(莱斯特郡)———————————————————————————————————————If you thinkthat's depressing you should try visiting Rotherham.- john ypres,Ypres, Belgium, 27/11/2012 6:34如果你觉得这片景象就够惨的了，你应该去趟罗瑟兰。(伊普斯，比利时)———————————————————————————————————————Take a lookat most English towns before we are upset by Spain..- oldman,leicester, 27/11/2012 6:46在为西班牙操心以前，麻烦先看一眼那些英格兰城镇。(莱斯特郡)———————————————————————————————————————As stated inthe article,Spain has been granted 100 billion FOR THE BANKS, not for thepeople,who are getting zero help to get back into work or just survive,and arebeing routinely kicked out of their homes by the banksters.-eyeswideopen, london, United Kingdom, 27/11/2012 7:07就像文章里提到的那样，西班牙政府向银行投入了1000亿欧元，却不管那些失去工作孤立无援，或是仅仅能维持温饱，随时会被银行家们赶出自己的家园的人。(英国，伦敦)———————————————————————————————————————Well theywere betrayed by traitors in government who opted to take the loans and turnthe population into debt slaves. Didn't have to do it. Iceland refused, wentbroke and are now back on their feet and free of the banksters' shackles.- Lozza,Chester, United Kingdom, 27/11/2012 11:56很好，叛徒政府出卖了他们，用贷款把人们变成了债务的奴隶。他们本不该这样。冰岛因为拒绝还债而破产，现在他们可以重新出发，不再受银行家奴役了。———————————————————————————————————————A drive arounda lot of UK's Industrial sites will shock you !!!!!!-SteveColeUKIP voter, Hitchin, United Kingdom,27/11/2012 15:19开车去趟英国乡下的工业园，你会非常震惊！！！(英国，希钦市)———————————————————————————————————————The U.K. isno different. In the town where I live in Wales used to be a steelworks thatwhen I started work there in 1968 employed 13,000 people.This steelworks wasrun down over a number of years until it closed in 2002.Many small littlefactories were built around the area but the wages couldn't compare with thesteelworks. Some people are now earning ￡100 a week less in these factoriesthan they were earning 10 years ago in the works. Mr Cameron probably wouldn'tbelieve that, but it is a fact.So we don't need to worry about Spain, Greece orPortugal,this country has gone down the pan in my short lifetime and we havelost our manufacturing jobs and the skills that used to come with them to othercountries.I just hate to think what my Grandchildren are going to do.- grayo, ebbwvale, 27/11/2012 8:46英国也没什么两样。我家就在威尔士的一个小镇上，1968年我参加工作的时候，那里有家联合钢铁厂，雇佣着1.3万名工人。几十年后，联合钢铁厂开始走下坡路，在2002年彻底倒闭了。这个地区有许多小型钢铁厂，但薪酬水平根本比不上当年的联合钢铁厂。那些厂里的工人现在每周只能拿到100英镑，挣得比10年前他们干这份工作时还少。卡梅伦先生也许不会相信，但这是事实。所以，我们没必要为西班牙、希腊或是葡萄牙操心了。在我短暂的一生中，这个国家已经在走下坡路了。我们失去了制造业的工作岗位，失去了曾经能与其他国家比肩的科技能力。我不敢去想象，我的孙子们未来会过上什么样的生活。(伊伯谷)———————————————————————————————————————This is whysocialism & the EU are failures.- mrtall,east london, 27/11/2012 12:20这就是社会主义和欧盟失败的原因。(伦敦东区)———————————————————————————————————————Veryreminiscent pf parts of the UK, it especially reminds me of the fate thatbefell Britain's Industrial Base during the 80s while the rest of the Countrywas being systematically asset stripped and all the wealth fed into the BankingIndustry in the center of London..- Pinback,Germany, 27/11/2012 8:53不难想见英国各地的情形，这一切尤其令我想起了上个世纪80年代降临于英国基础工业的(去工业化)命运。国有资产被有计划地剥离出售，而所有的财富都被转移到了位于伦敦中心的银行业中。(德国)———————————————————————————————————————I blame theEuropean Common Market for all this.- Abbs,Dublin, 27/11/2012 9:07我个人强烈谴责欧洲共同市场，它该为这一切负责。(都柏林)———————————————————————————————————————Two factorshave caused this. Firstly the political project known as the EU. The secondfactor is that we have moved away from capitalism and in to cronyism. Bringback the days where a fair days work was rewarded with a fair days pay andscrap the EU.- ADW,Swansea, 27/11/2012 15:54有两个因素造成了这一切。其一，被称为欧盟的政治工程。其二，我们已经远离了资本主义，开始走向任人唯亲的境地。我们应该回归过去，回到那段好好工作就能拿到好报酬的日子，取消欧盟。(斯旺西)———————————————————————————————————————We couldorder a few doors from them in order to close the open doors at our borders.- gus, balbeggie, 27/11/2012 18:25我们可以向他们订购几套木门，给我们边界上敞开的大门装上门板。(苏格兰，巴贝吉)———————————————————————————————————————Jakob,Bremen 11.06. No .Thats how Germany would look if we stopped buying your overpriced cars.- Larry,Lincoln, 27/11/2012 19:17(回复雅各布，不莱梅，11.06)不，如果我们停止购买你们那些昂贵的汽车，这将会是德国人的。(林肯)[来自Bremen的Jakob评论说如果德国人不再给英国补贴，英国就会变成西班牙人那样。]———————————————————————————————————————This is howEngland would look like if Germany wasn't subsidisingyou!<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<>>>>>>>>>>Thisis how the old East Germany still looks. despite billions of EU subsidies.- F Magnet,Peak District, 27/11/2012 19:54如果德国没有继续补贴你们英国佬，英国也会变成这样！————这就是为什么东德还是老样子，尽管欧盟已经为他们提供了数十亿欧元的补贴。(匹克区)———————————————————————————————————————Britain next!-philip_philip, hing kong, Hong Kong, 27/11/2012 13:55英国就是下一个！(香港)———————————————————————————————————————And Rumpelstiltskin'ssorry shower still wants more, more, more of ourmoney!- napoleon XXiv, London, United Kingdom,27/11/2012 9:25而这些不爱洗澡的侏儒怪还想管我们要更多、更多、更多的钱！(英国，伦敦)[Rumpelstiltskin是德国民间故事中的侏儒状妖怪，]———————————————————————————————————————This is how England would look like if Germanywasn't subsidising you! - Jakob, Bremen, Germany, 27/11/2012The U.K. gives more to the EU than it gets. We along with Germany are beingbled dry by the 'PIGS' countries.- jo, tunbridge wells, United Kingdom, 27/11/201220:00如果德国没有继续补贴你们英国佬，英国也会变成这样！雅各布(德国，不莱梅)————英国给欧盟的可比从欧盟拿到的要多得多，我们跟德国一样，正在被“金猪四国”榨干。(英国，坦布里奇韦尔斯)———————————————————————————————————————ROLL UP, ROLL UP, FREE BENEFITS, HEALTHCARE ANDHOUSING HERE IN THE UK. COME ON OVER !!!!!!!!!- Andrew, UK unfortunately, 27/11/2012 15:43快来，快来，免费福利，医保住房，英国应有尽有。快过来吧！！！(大不幸列颠)———————————————————————————————————————A boom based on a housing and debt bubble. Whywon't they let the bubble burst? In the UK prices are still too high andinterest rates too low. We are in limbo until the bubble bursts and we canstart rebuilding....- UK Beach Bum, Derby, England, 27/11/2012 8:25房地产泡沫和债务泡沫带来的繁荣。为什么他们不干脆让泡沫破裂呢？英国的房价还是太高了，利率也太低了。我们正在刀尖上跳林波舞，等到泡沫破裂，我们就能开始重建了……(英国，德比郡)———————————————————————————————————————Spain should invest in building a few nuclearpowered desalination plants along its coastline; pipe the clean water inland topurpose built reservoirs that double as tourist attractions and start growingcash crops. The legendary Spanish sun will do the rest.- Catch-42, Macclesfield, United Kingdom, 27/11/20129:15西班牙应该在海岸沿线投资几个核动力海水淡化厂，把淡化后的海水引到内陆，修建水库，这样既能吸引游客，又能开始种植经济作物。传奇般的西班牙阳光将会把剩下的活儿都干完。(英国，麦克尔斯菲尔德)———————————————————————————————————————Welcometo Europe, destroying once proud nations one at a time.-DJR, Preston, 27/11/2012 20:06欢迎来到欧洲，曾经引以为傲的国家正在被摧毁，每次一个。(普雷斯顿)———————————————————————————————————————thebegining of the Spanish problem was the 'Valencian Land Grab' this scaredeveryone...the greed of the government....the dishonesty of the lawyers, andthe Estate agents..together with the banks caused their own problems....thereare approximately 300,000 English with homes to sell in Spain without muchhope....plus the 700,000 still in the process of being half built....it willtake 20 years for Spain to get back to where it was prior to the 'Land Grab'-arram, westcliff on sea, United Kingdom, 27/11/2012 16:48西班牙问题的开端始于“瓦伦西亚抢地运动”，这次事件吓坏了每个人……贪婪的政府……不诚实的律师，还有地产代理商。他们和银行一起酿造了自己的苦果……近30万的英国人在西班牙拥有自己的房产，已经没有卖出去的希望了……此外还有70万套房子仍然在建……西班牙需要花上20年才能回到“抢地运动”以前的境况。(英国，韦斯特克利夫的海上)———————————————————————————————————————Thisis how England would look like if Germany wasn't subsidising you! - Jakob,Bremen, Germany, 27/11/2012 11:06 Hans, you are certainly subsidising mostcountries, but certainly not UK, remember we've always been a net contributor,we subsidising all the Club Med countries.-crabfat, Exeter, United Kingdom, 27/11/2012 19:20如果德国没有继续补贴你们英国佬，英国也会变成这样！雅各布(德国，不莱梅)————汉斯，你们确实援助了大多数的国家，但肯定不包括英国，别忘了我们一直都是净贡献国，我们援助了所有的“地中海俱乐部”国家。(英国，埃克赛特)[地中海俱乐部是法国旅游公司专为单身汉开设的俱乐部，这里特指地中海沿岸的欧洲国家过于安逸贪图享乐的生活方式。]———————————————————————————————————————Everywhereis in recession, but Spain shouldn't ask for EU money when its banks are subsiding its top football clubs and have been fordecades. Call in those debts first.-h0m3r, Leicester, 27/11/2012 19:31到处都在经济衰退，但西班牙不应该跟欧盟要钱，他们的银行仍在为顶级足球俱乐部注资，他们已经这样干了十来年。先把他们欠的债务收回来。(莱斯特)专业挽尊二十年欧洲看来不会成为一个强大的整体了，今后就是中美二分天下的赶脚？加泰罗尼亚都想脱离西班牙自己过小日子了...想起之前的苏格兰想脱离联合王国...欧洲的好多国家基础太脆弱了有些国家不偷不抢就活不下去