» 日本人和美国人如何看待彼此
    日本人和美国人如何看待彼此
    What Japanese and Americans think about each other
    作者:嘿嘿嘿 发布日期:2013-04-01 浏览:15523
    译文简介:
    一代人的时间可以带来如此大的差别！日本加入与美国及其他太平洋国家的跨太平洋战略经济伙伴关系协议谈判(TPP)的决定，在一定程度上反映了普通大众的看法的剧变。
    译文来源:
    原文地址：http://globalpublicsquare.blogs.cnn.com/2013/03/20/what-japanese-and-americans-think-about-each-other/
    正文翻译:
    原创翻译：龙腾网 http://www.ltaaa.com 翻译：嘿嘿嘿 转载请注明出处
    本贴论坛地址： http://www.ltaaa.com/bbs/forum.php?mod=viewthread&tid=155779&extra=page%3D1%26filter%3Dauthor%26orderby%3Ddateline%26orderby%3Ddateline
    
    Editor’s note: Bruce Stokes is director of Global Economic Attitudes at the Pew Research Center. The views expressed are his own
    
    编者按：布鲁斯 斯托克斯为Pew研究中心(一个美国无党派人士组建的组织)全球经济形势部的主任。该文为他的观点。
    
    What a difference a generation makes! Japan’s decision to join negotiations to create a Trans-Pacific Partnership with the United States and other Pacific nations reflects, in part, the sea change in public opinion that has transformed U.S.-Japan relations. A quarter of a century ago, ties between Washington and Tokyo were characterized by public distrust and animosity. Today, there is support for deeper integration of the two economies through greater trade. The upcoming TPP negotiations will be contentious. But the political context in which these talks will take place is far more supportive than ever before.
    
    一代人的时间可以带来如此大的差别！日本加入与美国及其他太平洋国家的跨太平洋战略经济伙伴关系协议谈判(TPP)的决定，在一定程度上反映了普通大众的看法的剧变。这种改变也导致了美日关系的转变。二十五年前，华盛顿与东京的关系充斥着两国大众间的不信任与敌意。而今天，许多人支持美日通过更多的贸易深化双方的关系。尽管接下来的TPP谈判将是火药味十足，但它会在一个比以往更具支持性的政治背景下进行。
    
    *
    In the last few decades, despite periodic trade tensions, Americans have generally held a favorable overall opinion of Japan. In 1990, near the high point of the Washington-Tokyo battles over trade in autos, rice and other goods, almost two-thirds of Americans nonetheless thought well of Japan, according to a survey by the Times Mirror Corporation. By 2009, 67 percent of Americans still felt favorably disposed toward Japan, according to the Pew Research Center.
    
    在过去的几十年中，尽管有一些周期性的贸易摩擦，美国人基本上对日本持有比较正面的看法。在1990年临近美日汽车、大米及其他货物贸易摩擦高峰的时候，根据一项时代明镜公司的调查，三分之二的美国人对日本还是抱着比较正面的看法。到2009年，根据Pew研究中心的调查，百分之六十七的美国人依然向着日本。
    
    But trade relations have long been a neuralgic irritant in bilateral relations. In 1989, 63 percent of Americans believed Japan practiced unfair trade, while a little more than half wanted to increase tariffs on products imported from Japan. In 1995, 61 percent of the American public approved of President Bill Clinton’s decision to impose import duties on imports of luxury Japanese cars.
    
    但是贸易关系还是在双边关系中扮演着刺痛神经的角色。 在1989年， 百分之六十三的美国人相信日本人推行了不公平的贸易，而过半的人觉得应该对日本进口的货物征收更高的关税。在1995年， 百分之六十一的美国人赞同克林顿总统对日本豪华车征收进口关税的决策。
    
    But U.S. sentiment has shifted dramatically. According to a 2010 survey, three-in-five Americans now want to increase trade with Japan, compared with 58 percent who would like to deepen commercial ties with the European Union and only 45 percent who want to boost trade with China.
    
    但是美国(对日本)的情感已经有了剧变。根据一项2010年的调查，每五个美国人中就有三个想要增加与日本的贸易。相比之下，分别有百分之五十八及四十五的人想要与欧盟或中国加深商业联系或增加贸易额度。
    
    So why the change? One reason may be that China has replaced Japan as America’s principal trade competitor, both in fact and in the minds of the American people. In 1990, Japan accounted for 40.7 percent of the U.S. merchandise trade deficit. China made up just 10.3 percent. By 2012, Japan accounted for only 10.5 percent of the U.S. global imbalance. China was responsible for 43.3 percent.
    
    为什么有这种变化呢？一个原因可能是因为不管是在现实中，还是在美国人的脑海中，中国已经取代日本成为了美国的主要贸易竞争者。1990年，日本占据了美国百分之四十点七的贸易逆差，而中国仅占百分之十点三。而到了2012年，日本只占百分之十点五，而中国却占了百分之四十三点三。
    
    It is little wonder then that today, four-in-ten Americans see China as the world’s leading economic power and thus the principal challenger to American economic preeminence. And according to a recent Pew Research survey, 49 percent of Americans want to be tough with Beijing on economic matters. By comparison, just 6 percent cite Japan as an economic powerhouse today, compared with almost half who thought Tokyo was the top dog in 1990.
    
    这也难怪为什么今天每十个美国人中就有四个认为中国是世界经济的领头羊，进而会是美国的经济地位主要挑战者。根据最近的Pew研究调查，百分之四十九的美国人想要在跟中国的经济事务中表现得更加强硬一些。相比之下，只有百分之六觉得日本是经济大国，而这个数据在1990年是将近一半。
    
    The Japanese, for their part, have seen a markedly improved view of the United States. In 1993, only 37 percent of the public thought relations between Japan and the U.S. were good, according to a Yomiuri Shimbun survey. By 2002, almost three quarters had a favorable view of America, according to a Pew Research Center survey.
    
    在日本方面也见证了对美国总体看法的显著改善。根据1993年一项读卖新闻的调查，只有百分之三十七的大众觉得日美关系不错。而根据2012年Pew研究中心的调查，四分之三的日本人对美国有着良好的看法。
    
    Japanese attitudes toward trade with the United State have also improved. In 1994, a United States Information Agency survey found that a plurality (40 percent) of Japanese thought that U.S. policies and actions were harmful to the Japanese economy. And more than half said Washington made it difficult to sell Japanese products in the American market. Today, 48 percent of Japanese think their country should participate in TPP, which is effectively a free trade agreement with the United States, according to a November 2012 Asahi Shimbun survey.
    
    日本对于与美国的贸易方面的态度也有了改善。1994年，美国新闻署一项调查发现许多(百分之四十)日本人认为美国的政策及行动对日本的经济有不良影响。过半的人说华府使得日本的货物在美国市场的销售变得困难。而根据2012年11月朝日新闻的一项调查，今天，百分之四十八的日本人认为日本应该加入TPP--一个本质上为与美国自由贸易的协定。
    
    A more positive bilateral public disposition is no assurance of success for the TPP negotiations. Washington will want openings of the Japanese rice and auto markets that Tokyo will resist. As the talks become more acrimonious, public opinion on both sides of the Pacific could sour. But clearly these negotiations begin in a public opinion environment that is far more favorable than that which existed a generation ago. That, in itself, is notable.
    
    双方大众更加正面的好感与意向并不能保证TPP谈判成功。华盛顿想要撬开日本大米及汽车市场的大门，而东京将会死守阵地。随着双方的谈判及对话变得更加地尖锐，太平洋两边大众的意见也会如此。但是很明确的是，这次谈判的总体民意背景要远比一代人前的时候好得多。这一点值得注意。
    
    评论翻译:
    原创翻译：龙腾网 http://www.ltaaa.com 翻译：嘿嘿嘿 转载请注明出处
    本贴论坛地址： http://www.ltaaa.com/bbs/forum.php?mod=viewthread&tid=155779&extra=page%3D1%26filter%3Dauthor%26orderby%3Ddateline%26orderby%3Ddateline
    
    j. von hettlingen
    That the US and Japan are moving closer toward each other is comprehensible, as they face the same challenges from China and North Korea. Despite the atomic past the two countries managed to co-operate and today they are strong allies. Indeed the TTP will only enhance their trade ties, if the two can work out their differences and compromise.
    March 21, 2013 at 12:09 pm | Reply
    
    美日相互走近是可以理解的，因为他们面对这中国与北朝鲜共同的威胁。尽管有着核弹的不愉快历史，两个国家还是相互协作成为今天强大的同盟。实际上TPP只会加强两国之间的贸易联系，如果双方可以妥协并解决之间的差异的话。
    
    well
    well, their gov is corrupt both cronyism wise (family connections school connection) and corporate corruption. We are just corporate corruption all the way. they also tarrif the crap out of US stuff, we dont to them. and since they build them here no tarriff. not sure on how they stucture their US corproate tax. i think when you see Toyota North America its a US corp subject to same tax asUS companies. thats hopeful thinking anyone know? If you visit there you will be astounded at the cleanliness of everything and the attendtion to detail in everything from the stone walls to their streets and structures to the utility poles which look like they cost 5 times more than US municiple poles
    March 30, 2013 at 6:02 pm | Reply
    
    好吧，他们的政府很腐败，充满了裙带关系(家庭关系，校友关系)以及大公司腐败。我们则是大公司腐败到底。他们还关税卡得巨高以至于把美国产品整出翔来(进不了日本市场)，而我们则不这样做。而且他们在美国生产产品，所以没关税。不太清楚他们怎么整他们在美国公司的税。我觉得丰田美国公司应该交跟美国公司一样的税吧。这看来还不错不是么？如果你去看看，你还会被他们的整洁度，对细节的关注，包括从石墙到街道，到看起来比美国贵五倍的电线杆所吓到。 (这哥们思维天马行空)
    
    CMJD44
    Reminds me of two brothers getting in a fist fight, and the next day they are laughing, wondering why they ever fought in the first place, but the scary thing is, if they did it once they can do it again. Tempers are such a fragile thing. World peace could happen, but somebody would say something about somebody's momma, they would fight, escalate, USA would step in where it should have minded its own business, citizens get angry their tax money is being wasted on war...world peace over, we are all highly combustible idiots that take too much stock in our emotions, don't let your heart guide you, your heart doesn't have a brain
    
    March 31, 2013 at 4:55 am | Reply
    
    这让我想起了两个兄弟前一天还在互相打架而第二天又谈笑如初，让人纳闷为什么一开始会争吵。但是可怕的一点是，有了第一次就会有第二次。脾气是一项很不靠谱的东西。本来世界可以和平的，但是某天有人骂了某人的娘，进而开始打架，冲突升级，美国插手--尽管它应该管好他自己的事先--美国人开始抱怨他们的税钱都被浪费在战争上了，这和平就泡汤了。我们都是一群过于依赖情感的好战白痴，不要让你的情感之心指引你，你的心不会思考。
    

网友评论(2188589)2013-04-02 13:57

    papa
    good boy，good boy
    

    
    
    

罗辑思维全国人大代表真三搞笑视频柳岩