NSA sharesraw intelligence including Americans' data with Israel
The National Security Agency routinelyshares raw intelligence data with Israel without first sifting it to removeinformation about US citizens, a top-secret document provided to the Guardian by whistleblower Edward Snowden reveals.
由斯诺登提供的一份最高机密文件显示,NSA在没有过滤包含美国公民在内的信息的情况下就把监控原始数据提供给了以色列.
Details of the intelligence-sharingagreement are laid out in a memorandum of understanding between the NSA and its Israeli counterpart that showsthe US government handed over intercepted communications likely to containphone calls and emails of American citizens. The agreement places no legallybinding limits on the use of the data by the Israelis.
NSA和以色列的一份谅解备忘录里显示了这一情报分享的细节.美国政府把截获的美国公民的电话和邮件信息送给了以色列.这一.该协议对于以色列如何使用这些数据没有法律约束力.
The disclosure that the NSA agreed to provideraw intelligence data to a foreign country contrasts with assurances from theObama administration that there are rigorous safeguards toprotect the privacy of US citizens caught in the dragnet.The intelligence community calls this process "minimization", but thememorandum makes clear that the information shared with the Israelis would bein its pre-minimized state.
NSA同一把原始据提供给国外的行为和奥巴马政府说的有严格安全措施保障美国公民信息不泄露的承诺形成了对比。情报界称这一行为为“最小化”，但是备忘录明确地指出这些分享给以色列的信息处于预最小化的状态
(译注：最小化和预最小化不是啥意思？)
The deal was reached in principle inMarch 2009, according to the undated memorandum, which lays out the groundrules for the intelligence sharing.
The five-pagememorandum, termed an agreement between the US and Israeli intelligenceagencies "pertaining to the protection of US persons", repeatedlystresses the constitutional rights of Americans to privacy and the need forIsraeli intelligence staff to respect these rights.
根据一份没有注明日期的备忘录显示，这项协议于2009年达成。这份备忘录规定了情报分享原则。
这份5页的备忘录，被称为美国和以色列情报机构“有关保护美国人士之间的协议”，反复强调美国人享有宪法规定的隐私权以及以色列情报人员需要尊重这些权利。
(译注：标准的格式合同一般都辉说遵守***法律的~)
But this is undermined by the disclosurethat Israel is allowed to receive "raw Sigint" signal intelligence.The memorandum says: "Raw Sigint includes, but is not limited to,unevaluated and unminimized transcripts, gists, facsimiles, telex, voice andDigital Network Intelligence metadata and content."
但是这一约定被以色列被允许接收未经处理的元数据消弱了。备忘录显示“原始信号情报，包括但不限于未计算和最小化的成绩单，学家，传真，电报，语音和数字网络智能的元数据和内容。”
According to the agreement, theintelligence being shared would not be filtered in advance by NSA analysts toremove US communications. "NSA routinely sends ISNU minimized and unminimized raw collection", it says.
Although thememorandum is explicit in saying the material had to be handled in accordancewith US law, and that the Israelis agreed not to deliberately target Americansidentified in the data, these rules are not backed up by legal obligations.
根据协议，被分享的情报事先不会由NSA的分析人员剔除美国的情报。NSA经常把已经最小化和没有最小化的原始采集数据发给ISNU(以色列情报机关)。虽然备忘录明确说这些材料必须按照美国法律处理，以色列也同意不会特地针对美国人处理数据，不过这些规则并不需要承担法律责任。
(译注：关于以色列为什么要美国公民的数据，个人的猜想。我不知道大家有没有看过早些的描述美国人反犹太人的电影，我记得有一部电影是一个犹太警察一直希望和普通美国人好好相处，也没有加入犹太团体，但是经历了各种事情后，最后还是站在了犹太人一边，杀死了反犹太的当地领袖。美国国内反犹的情况是存在的，这可能是以色列要美国公民数据的理由。但是美国人居然真的给以色列了，这个我也只能跟美国人一起说，叛国。)
"Thisagreement is not intended to create any legally enforceable rights and shallnot be construed to be either an international agreement or a legally bindinginstrument according to international law," the document says.
“这项协议的目的不是创建任何法律上可强制执行的权利，不得被解释为是一项国际协议，或具有法律约束力的文书”文件说。
In a statement to the Guardian, an NSA spokesperson did not deny that personaldata about Americans was included in raw intelligence data shared with theIsraelis. But the agency insisted that the shared intelligence complied withall rules governing privacy.
"Any US person information that is acquired as a resultof NSA'ssurveillance activities is handled under procedures that are designedto protect privacy rights," the spokesperson said.
在卫报的一份声明中，国家安全局的发言人没有否认，美国人的个人资料，包括原始情报数据被分享给以色列人。但该机构坚持认为，共享情报遵守所有规则隐私。
“任何由NSA的监控行为获得的美国人信息都是为了保护个人隐私的权利，”该发言人说。
The NSA declined to answer specific questions about the agreement,including whether permission had been sought from the Foreign IntelligenceSurveillance (Fisa)
